April 25, 2012

One man went to mow...

...went to mow a meadow! At the moment in my case, it is one man and his cat to follow on.

We have around two hectares to mow....
that's around five acres in English money...
and the grass needs to be removed...
to lower the fertility and allow the weaker species to grow more successfully...
and hamper the efforts of  les orties* [nettles].

To mow we have "Betsy"...
our big two-wheel tractor with its 53" cutter bar.
To rake we have me and a Bulldog wooden rake...
so at the moment we slowly get a field full of humps and rows that become humps....
and humps that become bigger humps....
and so on....
and on!


Driving Betsy... the grimace is obligatory (as is the hat!)

When Betsy arrived she wasn't heavy enough at the cutter bar, so a cut of around three inches...
[or fifteen centimetres... I am of old measure]...
became a one foot high trim whenever the wheel hit a molehill.
It was very tiring to use and left me aching...
then the suppliers Trackmaster sent me two weights to attach to the bar and all changed...
she still bucks at humps but it is easier to get the front down again and she is, overall, more controllable...
which is vital when working near the willows!!


It is a big meadow.... this is the smaller bit....

The other reason for being able to mow large areas quickly and easily is that the meadow has Creeping Thistle [Cirsium arvense] Chardon des champs...
which needs to be kept cut before it flowers and the wind dispersed seed blows everywhere.
This is what the Wildlife Trusts have to say on the subject
.

So you can see that it would not be beneficial to the birds to erradicate it completely...
not that I think I could!!

The selected areas of nettles [*les orties] that I am mowing are to reduce their competition with the grass.
I have no intention of trying to win the that battle either as...
[1] we want the butterflies that use nettle as a foodplant for the young... and
[2] we use the nettles as fertilizer and occasionally as food.
Well, that's my excuse, anyhows!!

Still mowing.... here at least you can see one of the paths along the edge of the bief (millstream).
Betsy is manufactured in Italy by part of the Ferrari works and moves at walking pace...
so I'm driving one of the slowest Ferraris on the planet....
but there is a big advantage with that...
we are working the land for the wildlife it contains and being able to stop instantly and walk forward to inspect for nests when birds fly up is a great help...
also, by cutting the grass and not chopping it with a flail or a whirling blade, allows the grass to fall aside and allows small beasts to fly, walk, run away.

Occasionally I get flying voles...
these rocket out of the grass and run along on the top, before diving back into the sward...
when they run ahead, this is usually repeated a few seconds later.


One of the first 'humps' is visble to my right in this picture.... it grew as the year wore on....
and had finished at around this height when I mowed through it last week.
We will be able to harvest compost from the bigger of these piles.

Betsy has another attachment...
a big wood-chipper that can handle up to three inch trunks....
but that's another posting.

/|________________________________________________|\

* Les Orties = The Nettles
(Thank you Susan for the correction.  
[The Nettles is a Celtic band - J.Nettles is an actor])

April 05, 2012

2010 & 11... Almost caught up!

As mentioned at the end of the last post we started off the willow plantation.
I purchased and collected the willows from Yorkshire Willow...
they came as 10" cuttings... well, lengths...
of one year old stem with about six to ten buds.


The willow sticks in their nursery bed...
some were too young to leave home!!

The idea is to plant each length of willow stem where it is going to finally be...
in our meadow?
You are joking!!...
it was difficult enough to find them the way I planted these ones.

The willows were of seventeen different varieties in bundles of ten.
One hundred and seventy twigs...
what we bought are listed below [the ones introduced as 20cm cuttings]...
and should be buried with around two inches/two buds above ground.
So I decided to create two nursery areas...
the one pictured above and another one in a damp spot out in the meadow.

On each row I used a Crack Willow stick to hold the label on the left in the photo above...
this year I will plant out the twenty-odd young Crack willow volunteers that were the result...
they will form a coppice area towards the riverbank.


These are the Sekka catkins...
grey against the red bark.
The majority of the bought 'twigs' took hold in the pictured nursery area...
but the success rate was poor in the meadow.
That wasn't surprising...
I purchased them in late March and planted them in early April...
not really the right time...
and as we were still in the UK for much of 2010...
they weren't able to be regularly watered either.


These are the wonderful Cohu Blue catkins...
they start steel blue-grey, then "heat-up" and, finally...
catch fire.

These young trees were then planted out in blocks...
or patches where there were only two or three survivors...
last year...
the year of the very hot, dry summer....
again not at all good for young trees that haven't got roots down deep.
If you look at the tree list page, you will see a column marked survivors 2012...
I will be going round next week trimming the survivors down to two or three buds on each shoot...
[and planting the cuttings deep, in situ, to extend the blocks/patches].


Tree Table of those species on site

English Name Species French name [if any] Survivors [2011] Uses Comments
Crack Willow Salix fragilis Saule fragile N/A Coppice for biomass On site
White Welsh Salix fragilis decipiens 1 ex 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
White Willow Salix alba Saule blanc (3) ex 10 Coppice for rods and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Scarlet Willow Salix alba 'Chermesina' 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from cuttings
Flanders Red Salix alba fragilis 3 ex 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Golden Willow Salix alba vitellina Osier doré 5 ex 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Dog Willow or Sage-leaf Willow Salix candida 6 ex 10 Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Tora Salix viminalis tora 5 ex 10 Coppice for rods and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Continental Purple Salix daphniodes Saule faux-daphné 10 ex 10 Coppice for rods, colour and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Black Willow Salix nigricians 2 ex 10 Coppice for rods and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Bay Willow Salix pentandra Saule a cinq étamines 9 ex 10 Coppice for rods and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Purple Osier Salix purpurea Osier rouge 5 ex 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Cohu Blue Salix purpurea 8 ex 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Green Dicks Salix purpurea 3 ex 10 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Sekka Salix sachalinensis 9 ex 10 Coppice for rods and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Black Maul Salix triandra 11 ex 20 Coppice for colour Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Common Osier Salix viminalis 5 ex 10 Coppice for rods, colour and biomass Introduced from 20cm cuttings
Grey Willow Salix cinerea Saule cendré 1 On site
Eared Sallow Salix aurita Saule à oreillettes 1 Self seeded at allotment
Pussy or Goat Willow Salix caprea Saule marsault 1 Plant more as early bee fodder Self-seeded - On site by bridge